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What is the primary purpose of caries diagnosis?

A. To only detect cavitations. B. To help identify early signs of tooth demineralization in order to halt its progression. C. To only detect non-cavitated tooth lesions. D. Too only prevent teeth from falling out.

Which of the following is true about the dental perspective of caries diagnosis?

A. Diagnosis consists of both identifying caries lesions and managing them. B. It is based on the logic that caries can be prevented, slowed or stopped if it is detected and treated before it causes serious symptoms that require invasive intervention. C. Diagnosis involves the recognition of signs and symptoms and devising tentative hypotheses about what the underlying disease could be. D. A and B

____________ are the first visual indication of caries in enamel?

A. Grey lesions B. Green lesions C. White lesions D. Black lesions

What are the basic tools for detecting caries lesions by visual inspection?

A. Bright light and a dental mirror B. An x-ray C. Fiber-optic transillumination D. Electrical current

Which of the following is true about using a dental probe?

A. Vigorous poking can cause irreversible damage to the surface of a developing lesion. B. Gentle probing does not disrupt the surface integrity of non-cavitated lesions. C. The blunt side can be used to remove biofilm. D. All of the above.

Which of the following classifications indicates dentin lesions with a cavity that reaches the pulp?

A. D1 B. D2 C. D3 D. D4

How do moisture levels on the tooth surface affect the visibility of a lesion?

A. White spot lesions become more opaque (visible) in dried dental tissue. B. While spot lesions become less visible in dried dental tissue. C. White spot lesions look greenish in dried tissue. D. Moisture levels do not affect the visibility of a lesion.

Which visual–tactile set of diagnostic criteria is considered the best choice for performing caries lesion diagnosis?

A. Recording cavitated lesions only. B. Recording cavitated and non-cavitated lesions only. C. Activity assessment according to the Nyvad criteria. D. Assessing lesion depth.

____________ reduces radiation exposure during bitewing radiography?

A. A thyroid shield B. Using faster film, such as the F-type, C. Using digital radiography D. All of the above.

Which of the following factors influence the quality and interpretation of radiographic images when diagnosing caries lesions?

A. The shape, extent and location of the lesion. B. The professional interpretation. C. The direction of the x-rays. D. All of the above.

Which of the following is true about the usefulness of complementing the clinical visual–tactile examination with bitewing radiography?

A. Bitewing radiography does not help diagnose recurrent caries lesions. B. Complementing the clinical examination with bitewing radiography increases the sensitivity of detecting occlusal and approximal caries lesions in children’s deciduous teeth. C. Bitewing radiography lowers the sensitivity of diagnosis of dentin caries lesions. D. Bitewing radiography can accurately diagnose enamel occlusal caries lesions in adult teeth.

Which of the following is a benefit of bitewing radiography?

A. It is not invasive and does not damage tooth structure like an incorrectly used probe might. B. It allows accessibility to surfaces that may not be seen in the clinical visual–tactile examination. C. Radiographs can be filed and reexamined at a later date to detect whether a lesion is progressing or not. D. All of the above.

What is the main limitation of bitewing radiography?

A. The validity in diagnosing early lesions is rather low. B. It does a bad job of detecting caries in children’s teeth. C. It requires too much equipment. D. Most dentists find radiographic images too hard to understand.

Which of the following methods of caries lesion detection and assessment is the only technique that is currently widely used in dental practice?

A. Quantitative laser-light induced fluorescence. B. The DIAGNOdent C. Digital radiography D. B and C

What is one reason behind having pediatricians help in caries diagnosis?

A. Children do not like dentists, but they like pediatricians. B. Pediatricians have more tricks for making children keep their mouths open to be examined. C. One study found that pediatricians who did two hours of training were able to identify a cavitated lesion with an accuracy level similar to that of dentists. D. Most dentists do not include children in their practice.

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Caries Process and Prevention Strategies: Diagnosis
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